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# Brinell hardness scale calculator

With this calculator you can calculate the HB hardness or the hardness of metals based on the Brinell hardness test.

## Brinell hardness scale

### Brinell hardness scale - information

Brinell Hardness Scale - a scale for determining the hardness of metals on the basis of a test performed by a method developed by the Swedish engineer Johan August Brinell in 1900. The Brinell hardness is measured as HB and ranges from 3 to 600.

In the Brinell hardness measurement method, a hardened steel or carbide ball is pressed into the metal sample. The steel ball can be used with samples with a hardness of 450 HB. Above a hardness of 350 HB, the measurement results with a steel ball and a ball made of carbides differ significantly, therefore the type of ball should be marked by adding the letter S (HBS) for steel and W for carbides (HBW) in the designation. Ball diameter (1, 2.5, 5 and 10 mm), loading time (from 10 seconds for steel to 60 seconds for soft alloys) and pressing force (1-3000 kgf) depend on the type of material and the thickness of the sample.

HB hardness is calculated from the relationship:
HB = loading force (in kgf - newtons are currently used) / impression area (w mm²).

Hardness is calculated from the ball diameter and the impression:
$$\mbox{HB}=0,102 \frac{2 \cdot F}{\pi \cdot D ({D-\sqrt{D^2-d^2})}}$$
where:
$$F$$– aggravated force (N),
$$D$$- ball diameter (mm),
$$d$$- diameter impression (mm),

The Brinell method is one of the destructive tests due to the large size of the imprint. It is most often used for the collection of metallurgical materials.

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