Morse code translator, encoder-decoder

Morse code - created in 1838 by Samuel Morse and Alfred Vail, a way of representing the alphabet, numbers and special characters by means of sounds, flashes of light, electrical pulses or characters - with a dash and a dot.

All characters are represented by a series of signals of several elements - short (dots) and long (dashes). The dash should be at least as long as three dots. The space between the elements of the sign should be one dot. Space between individual characters - three dots. The space between groups of characters - seven dots.

Originally, Morse developed his code with the intention of using it with an electric telegraph in the early 1840s, and by 1890 Morse code was already widely used in radio telecommunications. In the first half of the nineteenth century, most of the high-speed international correspondence was carried out using Morse code using telegraph lines, underwater cables and radio circuits.

Currently, it is most often used by radio amateurs, although it is no longer required for the ham radio license examination in many countries. The international Morse code is now referred to as the "international radio code", primarily because the code in use today has been significantly altered from the one invented by Samuel Morse. These changes were intended to make it more useful in modern communication. In the professional field, pilots and flight controllers are usually familiar with Morse code - radio navigation devices such as VOR and NDB continuously send their IDs using Morse code.

Morse code is designed in such a way that a human is able to understand it without a special decoder. In an emergency, this code can easily be assigned by improvised means, making it a versatile and universal method of telecommunications.

Morse code speed is measured in groups (model word PARIS, 5 letters per group) per minute or words per minute (wpm. Word per minute). Experienced operators are able to understand Morse code transmitted at a speed exceeding 40 wpm.

Curiosity

In a competition in July 1939 in Asheville, Ted R. McElroy set a Morse code speed record of 75.2 wpm.

Many people who want to learn to understand Morse code quickly use the Farnsworth method, named after Donald R. Farnsworth, also known under his trademark W6TTB. The Farnsworth method is based on learning at a slightly reduced speed, although the original decay time is retained, but the spacing between the characters is extended. The learner using this method immediately hears the correct - fast - melody of the sign, and the disproportionately and excessively long spacing between the signs allows the mind to become familiar with the melody specific to each sign and assimilate it so that it will be automatically recognized later by him.

Letters table with morse code.

Numbers table with morse code.

Character table with morse code.

Special commands with Morse code. Special commands are commands consisting of two or three letters written without spaces.

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